This paper presents a layman’s view of a country’s foreign policy and its key ingredients -- objectives, guiding principles, and policies. It also looks at current challenges in the global environment and possible directions for the future.
Introduction
In this report, we aim to analyse the response of individual states to the Covid-19 outbreak. For this purpose, the following responses were covered to arrive at an index:
India’s health sector is currently reeling under the triple burden of disease — the unfinished agenda with infectious diseases; the rise of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) linked with lifestyle changes; and a wave of new drug-resistant pathogens causing epidemics, and pandemics. Household out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) in India was a whopping 67% of total health expenditure as of 2015. On the one hand, the country’s health infrastructure is over-stretched and needs to be strengthened if it has to take on the challenges of the twenty-first century and help the country reap the benefits of its demographic dividend. On the other hand, India’s healthcare industry is one of its fastest growing sectors – projected to reach $372 billion by 2022. Health equity in India is threatened by the low health status among the poor, female gender, rural inhabitants, tribal communities, scheduled castes (SC) and certain minority groups. This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of India’s health systems and policy landscape, while exploring the challenges that lie ahead.
This project has been supported by the US India Policy Insitute
Citizenship as a concept has three major constructs, first the legal premise established by civil, political and social rights, the second being active citizen engagement with politics and policy and lastly membership in a political community as a source of identity.The existence of sovereign territorial integrity however is the framework on which the notion of citizenship rests.Citizenship is different from nationality. Nationality is a broader concept. It is acquired by birth or adoption, marriage, or descent. On the other hand, citizenship is a specific legal relationship between a state and a person, bestowing certain rights and responsibilities. It does not have to accompany nationality(Gilbertson 2006).